Printing device

ABSTRACT

A printing device for printing labels comprises a memory for storing one or more character sets, each character set including at least a principle character and an additional character which is associated with the principle character; user input means having character selection keys for selecting a character set to define an image to be printed by the printing device; and a controller for accessing characters from the memory to be displayed and printed which correspond to characters selected at the user input means. The first actuation of a character selection key selects the principle character in the selected character set and a subsequent activation of the character selection key in a predetermined time frame selects the associated additional character.

This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No.10/094,986 filed on Mar. 12, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,916,129.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a printing device and in particular butnot exclusively to a tape printing device for printing an image on atape.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Known tape printing apparatus of the type with which the presentinvention is concerned are disclosed in EP-A-322918 and EP-A-322919(Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha) and EP-A-267890 (Varitronic). Theprinters each include a printing device having a cassette receiving bayfor receiving a cassette or tape holding case. In EP-A-267890, the tapeholding case houses an ink ribbon and a substrate tape, the lattercomprising an upper image receiving layer secured to a backing layer byan adhesive. In EP-A-322918 and EP-A-322919, the tape holding casehouses an ink ribbon, a transparent image receiving tape and a doublesided adhesive tape which is secured at one of its adhesive coated sidesto the image tape after printing and which has a backing layer peelablefrom its other adhesive coated side. With both these apparatus, theimage transfer medium (ink ribbon) and the image receiving tape(substrate) are in the same cassette.

It has also beer proposed by the present applicants in, for example,EP-A-578372 to house the ink ribbon and the substrate tape in separatecassettes.

In all of these cases, the image receiving tape passes in overlap withthe ink ribbon to a print zone consisting of a fixed print head and aplaten against which the print head can be pressed to cause an image totransfer from the ink ribbon to the image receiving tape. There are manyways of doing this, including dry lettering or dry film impression, butthe most usual way currently is by thermal printing where the print headis heated and the heat causes ink from the ink ribbon to be transferredto the image receiving tape.

The devices of the type described above are provided with a keyboardwhich enables a user to enter characters, symbols and the like to forman image to be printed by the tape printer. The keyboard usually hastext character keys and number keys for entering letters and number keysrespectively, plus some function keys which, among other things, operatemenus and allow printing attributes to be set.

For a printer to be used with the English language, a maximum of 26 textcharacter keys are required, one for each letter of the alphabet.However, if the printer is to be used with other European languages,provision must be made to allow the user to specify letters withaccents. For example, in the French language, “é” and “è” are requiredin addition to the ordinary “e”. In some European languages, asignificant number of accented characters are required. This results inat least two problems.

Firstly, many machines are provided with additional text character keysto the standard 26 within the keyboard so as to enable the user toeasily select the accented characters. This results in more space beingtaken up on the keyboard with text character keys, which means either alarger keyboard is required, which may not be convenient, particularlyfor a compact hand-held machine, and/or less space is available on thekeyboard for function keys, which means that more keystrokes may berequired to execute certain functions. Alternatively, the user may needto use a large number of keystrokes to access menus to enable selectionof the required character, which is time consuming and complicated forthe user.

Secondly, different accented characters are required for differentEuropean languages, which can mean that different keyboards are requiredfor the same machine in dependence on the country in which it is to besold. This makes manufacture more complicated and expensive.Furthermore, different memory chips and microprocessors may be requiredfor different countries which provide the different menu sequences andstore different sets of characters. Again, this complicates manufactureand increases production costs.

It would be desirable to provide a printer which enables a user toaccess accented characters in a number of European languages using asmall number of straightforward keystrokes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided aprinting device for printing labels comprising: a memory for storing oneor more character sets, each character set including at least aprinciple character and an additional character which is associated withthe principle character; user input means having character selectionkeys for selecting a character set to define an image to be printed bythe printing device; and a controller for accessing characters from thememory to be displayed and printed which correspond to charactersselected at the user input means; wherein the first actuation of acharacter selection key selects the principle character in the selectedcharacter set and a subsequent activation of the character selection keyin a predetermined time frame selects the associated additionalcharacter.

Often, further additional characters are associated with the principlecharacter and further subsequent activations of the character selectionkey within the predetermined time frame from the previous activationselects the further additional characters.

Conveniently, the printing device further comprises a display configuredto display selected characters.

Usually, the principle characters are letters and the additionalcharacter is an accented version of the letter with which it isassociated and the further additional characters are accented versionsof the letter with which they are associated and are different from theadditional character.

Preferably, different character sets can comprise additional charactershaving different accents and further additional characters havingdifferent accents, and a different number of further additionalcharacters.

Suitably the memory stores a plurality of character groups, eachcharacter group comprising one or more character sets. It is usual forthe principle characters of different groups to be identical.Furthermore, the principle characters in different groups can haveadditional characters and further additional characters associated withthem which have different accents from those associated with theprincipal characters of other groups and different numbers of furtheradditional characters.

Preferably, some principle characters of some groups have no additionalcharacter associated with them and these principle characters differbetween groups.

Conveniently, the character sets of each character group include analphabet and the additional characters and further additional charactersare accented versions of the principle characters which exist in thealphabet which the character sets include. Suitably, each alphabetcorresponds to a different language.

Preferably the user input means further comprises a group selection keyfor choosing a character group from which to create an image.

Conveniently the display is further configured, prior to and until asubsequent activation of a character selection key in a predeterminedtime frame, to temporarily display the character which would be selectedif the subsequent activation did not occur.

According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided amethod of printing characters on a label comprising the steps of:storing in a memory one or more character sets, each character setincluding at least a principle character and an additional characterwhich is associated with the principle character; using characterselection keys, selecting a character set to define an image to beprinted by the printing device; and accessing characters from the memoryto be displayed and printed which correspond to characters selected;wherein the first actuation of a character selection key selects theprinciple character in the selected character set and a subsequentactivation of the character selection key in a predetermined time frameselects the associated additional character.

According to a third aspect of the invention there is provided aprinting device for printing images comprising: a memory for storing aplurality of character groups, each group associated with a particularlanguage and comprising at least one character set which includes atleast a principle character and an additional character which isassociated with the principle character; user input means having a groupselection key for selecting a character group and character selectionkeys for selecting a character set of a selected character group todefine an image to be printed by the printing device; and a controllerfor accessing characters from the memory to be displayed and printedwhich correspond to characters selected at the user input means.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention there is provided Aprinting device for printing images comprising: a memory for storing oneor more character sets, each character set including at least aprinciple character and an additional character which is associated withthe principle character; user input means having scroll keys forselecting a character and an enter key for selecting a character set todefine an image to be printed by the printing device; and a controllerfor accessing characters from the memory to be displayed and printedwhich correspond to characters selected at the user input means; whereinfollowing selection of a principle character using the scroll keys, thefirst actuation of the enter key selects the character set within whichthe principle character is included and a subsequent activation of ascroll key and the enter key selects the associated additionalcharacter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a better understanding of the present invention and as to how thesame may be carried into effect, reference will now be made by way ofexample to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the front part of the casing of aprinting device;

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a first tape printing device embodying thepresent invention using a two cassette system;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a second tape printing device embodying thepresent invention, using a one cassette system;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of the print head of FIG. 2 or FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic sketch showing the control circuitry for theprinting device of FIG. 2 or of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating some of the control components of theprinting device in greater detail; and

FIG. 7 shows some of the elements of FIG. 6 in more detail;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the front part of the casing of analternative printing device.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

In the figures, like reference numerals indicate like parts.

FIG. 1 illustrates the front of a tape printing device. Referencenumeral 70 denotes the casework of the printer. The front of the printercarries a liquid crystal display (LCD) 108 and a keyboard 106 having aplurality of cursor control keys 74, a plurality of function keys 76,only two of which are illustrated in FIG. 1, and a plurality ofcharacter selecting keys 78, only six of which are illustrated inFIG. 1. There is provided one key for each letter of the alphabet, andone key for each number from 0 to 9 and there may be additional keyssuch as operand keys and punctuation keys. Thus the keyboard 106 is usedfor inputting characters to the tape printing device. This could beachieved with other input means, for example a touch pad or a touchscreen. The function keys include a return key, a save key, a recallkey, a delete key, an edit key, a shift key, a caps lock key, a languagekey and a print key. As is known, combinations of keys can be used inplace of individual keys for each function. The display can display twolines of text. Other embodiments may be able to display more or lessthan two lines of text. The display is illustrated displaying the twoline label (L1) ESSELTE (first line) FILE 126 (second line). As isknown, the character selecting keys 78 allow characters to be selectedby a user to formulate labels to be printed. The term “characters” inthe following refers to numerals, symbols, icons, background patterns,barcodes and similar as well as text characters, which together may makeup an image to be printed on a label. The function keys 76 allowdifferent functions to be implemented, and in effect control theoperational modes of the printer. In particular, the use of the languagefunction key will be described below.

The printer operates with a supply of tape on which images are printed.Lengths of the tape are cut off after a label has been printed. The tapeis housed in a cassette which is held in a cassette bay on the undersideof the printer. The cassette could be located in a different location asnecessary.

Typically, this tape printing device 1 is a hand held or small desk topdevice which is powered by batteries at least part of the time.

FIG. 2 shows in plan view, with the outer casing depicted in FIG. 1removed, the first tape printing device embodying the present inventionwhich has two cassettes arranged therein. The upper cassette 2 islocated in a first cassette receiving portion 26 and contains a supplyof image receiving tape 4 which passes through a print zone 3 of thetape printing device 1 to an outlet 5 of the tape printing device 1. Theimage receiving tape 4 comprises an upper layer for receiving a printedimage on one of its surfaces and has its other surface coated with anadhesive layer to which is secured a releasable backing layer. The uppercassette 2 has a recess for accommodating a platen 8 of the tapeprinting device 1, and guide portions 22 and 24 for guiding the tapethrough the print zone 3. The platen 8 is mounted for rotation within acage moulding 10. Alternatively, the platen could be mounted forrotation on a pin.

The lower cassette 11 is located in a second cassette receiving portion28 and contains a thermal transfer ribbon 12 which extends from a supplyspool 30 to a take up spool 32 within the cassette 11. The thermaltransfer ribbon 12 extends through the print zone 3 in overlap with theimage receiving tape 4. The cassette 11 has a recess 14 for receiving aprint head 16 of the tape printing device 1 and guide portions 34 and 36for guiding the thermal transfer ribbon 12 through the print zone 3. Theprint head 16 is movable between an operative position shown in FIG. 2,in which it is in contact with the platen 8 and holds the thermaltransfer ribbon 12 and the image receiving tape 4 in overlap between theprint head 16 and the platen 8 and in an inoperative position in whichit is moved away from the platen 8 to release the thermal transferribbon 12 and image receiving tape 4. In the operative position, theplaten 8 is rotated to cause the image receiving tape 12 to be drivenpast the print head 16 and the print head 16 is controlled to print animage on the image receiving tape 4 by thermal transfer of ink from theribbon 12.

The thermal print head 16 is shown in FIG. 4 and comprises a column ofprinting elements 120. The print head 16 has a height H which is largeenough to print on the widest width of tape. The print head 16 has awidth which is equal to the width of one printing element. Each of theprinting elements is activatable separately and is activated inaccordance with the desired image to be printed. An image can be printedwith the width of the characters extending along the length of the tape,or with the height of the characters extending along the length of thetape (vertical printing).

The tape printing device 1 has a lid (which is not shown) but which ishinged along the rear of the cassette receiving portions 26 and 28 andwhich covers both cassettes when in place.

A dc motor 7 (see FIG. 5) continuously drives the platen 8. The platenis arranged to drive the image receiving tape 4 through the print zone 3by the actuation of its own rotation.

The image is printed by the print head 16 on the image receiving tape ona column-by-column basis with the columns being adjacent one another inthe direction of movement of the tape 4.

FIG. 3 illustrates in plan view a cassette bay of a second printingdevice 1′ embodying the present invention which uses a one cassettesystem. It has its outer casing as depicted in FIG. 1 removed. Thecassette bay is shown by the dotted line 40. The cassette bay 40includes a thermal print head 16 and a platen 8 which cooperate todefine a print zone 3. The thermal print head 16 is the same as thatdiscussed in relation to FIG. 2 and shown in FIG. 4.

The print head 16 is pivotable about a pivot point so that it can bebrought into contact with the platen 8 for printing and moved away fromthe platen 8 to enable the cassette to be removed and replaced as in thefirst embodiment. A cassette inserted into the cassette bay 40 isdenoted generally by reference numeral 44. The cassette 44 holds asupply spool 46 of image receiving tape 4. The image receiving tape 4 isguided by a guide mechanism (which is not shown) through the cassette44, out of the cassette 44 through an outlet O past the print zone 3 toa cutting location C. The same cassette 44 also has an ink ribbon supplyspool 48 and an ink ribbon take up spool 50. The ink ribbon 12 is guidedfrom the ink ribbon supply spool 48 through the print zone 3 and takenup on the ink ribbon take up spool 50. As with the first embodiment, theimage receiving tape 4 passes in overlap with the ink ribbon 12 throughthe print zone 3 with its image receiving layer in contact with the inkribbon 12. The platen of this second embodiment is also driven by amotor 7. The motor rotates to drive the image receiving tape through theprint zone 3 continuously during printing. In either of the embodiments,it is possible that the tape be driven in a step wise manner by astepper motor.

An image is printed on the tape fed out from the print zone to thecutting location C which is provided at a location in a portion of thewall of the cassette 44 which is close to the print zone 3. The portionof the wall on the cassette 44 where the cutting location C is definedis denoted by reference 52. A slot 54 is defined in the wall portion 52and the image receiving tape 4 is fed past the print zone 3 to thecutting location C where it is supported by facing wall portions oneither side of the slot 54.

The second tape printing device 1′ includes a cutting mechanism 56including a cutter support member 58 which carries a blade 60. The blade60 cuts the image receiving tape 4 and then enters the slot 54. Itshould be appreciated that the first embodiment will usually alsoinclude a cutting mechanism.

Basic circuitry for controlling the tape printing device 1 of FIG. 2 orthe tape printing device 1′ of FIG. 3 is shown in FIG. 5. There is amicroprocessor chip 100 having a read only memory (ROM) 102, amicroprocessor 101 and random access memory capacity indicateddiagrammatically by RAM 104. The microprocessor chip 100 is connected toreceive label data input to it from a data input device such as keyboard106. The microprocessor chip 100 outputs data to drive display 108 via adisplay driver chip 109 to display a label to be printed (or a partthereof) and/or a message for the user. The display driver alternativelymay form part of the microprocessor chip. Additionally, themicroprocessor chip 100 also outputs data to drive the print head 16 sothat the label data is printed onto the image receiving tape to form alabel. Finally, the microprocessor chip 100 also controls the motor 7for driving the platen. The microprocessor chip 100 may also control thecutting mechanism 56 of FIG. 3 or a cutting mechanism of FIG. 2 to allowa length of tape to be cut off. In alternative embodiments at least partof the cutting mechanism may be manually operated.

The type of print head 16 with which embodiments of the presentinvention are concerned is shown in FIG. 4 and generally comprises aplurality of printing elements 120 which are selectively heated to allowthermal printing to take place. The thermal printing can be directlyonto thermally sensitive image receiving tape 4 or can be by means of anink ribbon 12 such as shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3. Asdiscussed in relation to these embodiments, the ink ribbon 12 isarranged between the print head 16 and the image receiving tape 4. Theapplication of heat to the ink ribbon 12 by selected printing elements120 of the print head 16 causes an image to be transferred to the imagereceiving tape. Each printing element 120 is generally square to print asquare pixel on the image receiving tape. However, the printing elementsmay be rectangular or the like.

Each printing element 120 is a resistive element which, when current ispassed therethrough is heated up. The printing elements 120 areselectively heated so as to allow an image to be printed on the imagereceiving tape 4 as it passes the print head 16. The image printed onthe image receiving tape 4 is defined by a plurality of contiguous oradjacent columns of pixels. Thus the image printed on the imagereceiving tape 4 depends on which printing elements 120 are activated orheated and when. The image receiving tape 4 moves generally in thedirection of arrow A, that is in the length wise direction of the imagereceiving tape 4 and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L of theprint head 16.

The schematic representation of the print head shown in FIG. 4 hastwelve printing elements. In practice, the print head will have manymore printing elements, for example 128. The print head 16 willgenerally have a height H slightly less than the width of the imagereceiving tape 4 to be used with the tape printing device 2. Where morethan one width of tape is to be used with the tape printing device 2,the print head 16 will generally have a height H corresponding to thewidth of the largest image receiving tape 4 to be used with the tapeprinting device 12. Generally, the width W of the print head is equal tothe width w of one printing element 120 to thereby form a column shapedprint head 16.

FIG. 6 illustrates some of the control components of the printer asshown in FIG. 5. The sketched line 101 represents the print controller,and in this embodiment it is the microprocessor 101 which is depicted inFIG. 5, although it need not necessarily be a microprocessor. Thecircles within the controller 101 denote program components which arerun within it to implement different control functions as described inthe following. The controller 101 includes RAM 104. In practice, the RAM104 may be implemented on the same chip as the processor, or be providedas a separate chip connected to the controller 101. The blocks labelled200, 202, 204 represent portions of RAM 104. Block 200 is a menu displayportion, block 202 is an edit label memory portion and block 204 is alabel storage portion. In addition, the controller 101 contains or isassociated with ROM 102 which holds font data for the characters. Thestructure of ROM 102 will be described more fully below. The controller101 controls operations of the display 106 and supplies print data tothe print head 16. It receives inputs from the ROM 102 and the keyboard106.

The controller 101 runs a number of different programs to controloperations of the printer. A keyboard interface program P1 receives keypresses from the keyboard 106 and provides mapped key code data to a keycode processing program P2. The key code processing program P2 has anumber of different functions. Firstly, it receives the font data fromROM 102. It supplies menu-type data to a menu processing program P4depending on the menu which is selected by the function keys 76 of theprinter. It also supplies character data to an editor program P3depending on the characters selected by the character selection keys 78of the keyboard 106. It further supplies label store/recall functions toa label store/recall program P5. Finally, the key code processingprogram P2 supplies print request data to a print executive program P6.

The menu processing program P4 supplies menu result data to the editorprogram P3, and in certain circumstances is in communication with ROM102, as will be discussed below with reference to language selection. Italso supplies menu display data for storage in the RAM portion 200. Theeditor program P3 acts on the menu result data and character data toformulate and edit a label which is stored in a working portion of theRAM 104, the edit label memory portion, labelled 202 in FIG. 6 Thisworking portion 202 of the RAM 104 holds data defining the current labelwhich is being formulated and/or edited.

The label store/recall program P5 is operable responsive to store/recallfunctions supplied from the key code processing program P2 to transferlabel data between the working portion 202 of the RAM 104 and a storageportion (label store/recall portion) 204 of the RAM 104.

The print executive program P6 receives tape size information (discussedlater) in conjunction with print requests from the keyboard and controlsoperation of the print head 16 based on the label data which is held inthe working portion 202 of the RAM.

Finally, the controller 101 runs an LCD display executive program P7which manages data to be displayed on the display 108 based on thecontents of the menu display portion 200 of the RAM and the workingportion 202 of the RAM.

The printer can accommodate tapes having a plurality of differentwidths, in particular 6 mm, 9 mm, 12 mm, 19 mm and 24 mm. A switchallows a selection to be made between three settings, 6 mm; 9/12 mm;19/24 mm. The manner in which this switch cooperates with the printer isdescribed in our earlier European Patent EP 634274 and therefore is notdiscussed further herein. In any event it will be appreciated that anymanner of conveying tape size information to the print executive programP6 may be used.

Label data is held in the working portion 202 of the RAM in differentdata structures as shown in FIG. 7. In particular, a text data structurelabel type (marked text in FIG. 7) holds text data regarding thecharacters and symbols etc which have been selected for printing. Thetext data includes new page and new line information. An attribute datastructure page setting type (marked label in FIG. 7) holds attributeswith which the characters are to be printed, and effectively defines theformat of the label. In addition, the working portion 202 of the RAMcontains edit data including the position of a cursor as a file cursortype and display control information. At any time, label data and editdata for one label is held in the working portion 202 of the RAM.

The print executive program P6 generates print data for the print headas a sequence of columns of dot data based on the text data andattribute data. The edit data is not used for printing. The printexecutive program P6 does not formulate a complete dot pattern image ofthe label to be printed in RAM prior to printing. Instead, column datais prepared “on the fly”. Thus, the print executive program P6 extractstext data from the text data structure and attribute data from theattribute data structure and manipulates this data to generatesuccessive print columns. The print head 16 contains a buffer whichholds one column of dot data, while the print head 16 itself prints acolumn of dot data at a time. Thus, while the print head 16 is printingone column, the next column can be placed in the buffer ready forprinting. This technique is described in our earlier European PatentEP513290.

When a user is using the tape printing device to produce a label, thetape width must be selected from the choice described above. In thisembodiment, the example of the creation of label L1 will be used. Oncethe selection of tape width has been made, there are also a number ofpossible character sizes which may be selected. The display shows thecurrent character size. One of the function keys 76 can be pressed toselect a size menu. The cursor keys 74 can then be used to scroll downthe menu to select the required character size.

It is also possible for the user to select the length of label withwhich it is desired to print. In default mode (automatic length mode),there is no need to calculate this length, because it is dependent onthe number of characters in the longest line of text of the label (inlabel L1 this would be “FILE 126”) and the selected character size. Thismeans that the label will be printed with the selected characters andcharacter size using default character spacing, thus it is not aparameter which is actually controllable by the user. Alternatively, theuser can select a fixed length with which the label is to be printed, inother words “fixed length mode” can be selected. These options are morefully described in the applicant's co-pending European PatentApplication No. 01300555.8.

Once these choices have been made, the user can create label L1 bytyping in the characters using the character keys 78. Since label L1comprises uppercase letters, this can be achieved in one of two ways.Either the user can hold the shift key down whilst pressing the letterkeys 78 for each letter or the caps lock function key can be pressedbefore the letter keys 78 are pressed. If the caps lock function key ispressed once, any letter keys 78 pressed afterwards results inproduction of uppercase letters on the display 108. The caps lockfunction key is a toggle switch, therefore if it is pressed a secondtime, any letter keys 78 pressed afterwards results in production oflowercase letters on the display 108. The numbers “126” are enteredusing the three number keys “1”, “2” and “6”. Another of the functionkeys 76, the return key, used after the third “E” of “ESSELTE” to allowthe two lines of text to be created. Keyboard interface program P1receives the keyboard presses from keyboard 106 and provides mapped keycode data to the key code processing program P2. The key code processingprogram P2 supplies the character data to the editor program P3. Thecharacter size selection information is supplied from the menuprocessing program P4 to the editor program P3. The editor program P3uses the character data and character size information to formulate thelabel. This formulated text data, including the return key information,is put into the text data structure label type in the working portion202 of the RAM 104. Executive program P7 acts on the data in workingportion 202 and drives display driver 109 to display the data on display108.

In this embodiment the default language of the tape printer is English,although it would be possible to configure the printer to have adifferent default language. Thus if a user wishes to work in the Englishlanguage, he or she can simply carry out the process described in theprevious three paragraphs, to create many different labels. On the otherhand, if the user wishes to work in a different language from English,the tape printer of the embodiment provides the necessary means fordoing this, as will now be described.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 7, there is provided within keyboard 106 as oneof the function keys 76 a “language” key. If the user presses this key,a menu is displayed through which the user can scroll using cursor keys74 in order to choose the language in which it is desired to work. Itcan be seen that when the keycode processing program P5 receives asignal from the keyboard interface program P1 that the language has beenselected, it sends a signal to the menu processing program P4, which isthen able to ascertain which language has been selected. Menu processingprogram P4 then sends a notification to ROM 102 in the form of a pointerto a particular address within ROM 102, the address being dependent onthe language selected.

FIG. 7 shows diagrammatically some of the different addresses within ROM102. In the embodiment, ADDR 0 is for the English language and thepointer will point to this address by default. Similarly, ADDR 1 is forthe German language, ADDR 2 is for the Turkish language, ADDR 3 is forItalian and so on.

Each address of ROM 102 which specifies a language is associated with atable, also stored within ROM 102. These tables have stored all thepossible text characters of the alphabet of their language, pluspunctuation and number characters and any other codes or characterswhich are specific to that particular language. Font data is supplied tothe keycode processing program P5 from the appropriate table independence on the language selected by the user. In practice, thesetables would be stored as binary or ascii data, but tables 1 to 17 whichshow the characters as Latin letters and decimal numbers can be referredto for the purposes of understanding the structure of these tables.

Referring firstly to table 1, this is the table for the English languagewhich is associated with ADDR 0 of ROM 102. It can be seen that in thefirst column, the first 26 rows contain the 26 letters of the alphabetas Uppercase letters and the second 26 rows contain the 26 letters ofthe alphabet as lowercase letters. The subsequent columns in these 52rows are empty, since the English language has no accented letters. Theremainder of the table contains punctuation, numbers 0–9 andabbreviations for the months of the year. When a user presses aparticular character key 78, the keycode processing program P5 accessescolumn 1 of the appropriate row of table 1 for the font data, so thatcharacter data can be generated. Whether the keycode processing programP5 accesses the uppercase or lowercase row for the particular characterkey pressed depends on whether the shift function key or the caps lockfunction key has been pressed to select uppercase.

Turning now to table 2, this is the table for the German language whichis associated with ADDR 1 of ROM 102. The first column of this table isidentical to that of table 1 for the English language. However, thesecond column contains some extra characters which are specific toGerman. These are Ä, Ö, Ü, ä, ö, β and ü. The Ä is stored in the samerow as uppercase A, the Ö is stored in the same row as uppercase O andthe β is stored in the same row as lowercase s, and so on.

If the user has selected German as the language to work in, as explainedpreviously, the pointer from the menu processing program P4 will pointto ADDR 1 ROM 102, which means that font data is obtained from table 2.If, for example, the user presses key “b”, font data from the firstcolumn and 28^(th) row will be obtained by the keycode processing tableP5 and passed as character data to editor program P3, which allows theletter “b” to be stored in the working portion edit label memory 202 ofRAM 104 as part of the label being currently edited by the user.Additionally, this data as it is stored in the display portion of editlabel memory 202 is acted on by display executive program P7 so that thedisplay driver 109 is driven to display the letter “b” on LCD display108.

If the user presses the key “u” in the normal way, the same processoccurs so that font data is obtained from the first column and 47^(th)row so that the letter “u” is displayed on LCD display 108. However, thetape printer of the embodiment is configured to allow the user to selectthe “ü” by pressing the key “u” twice in succession. At the first keypress, “u” is displayed on LCD display 108 but at the second key press,font data from the second column and 47^(th) row is accessed by keycodeprocessing program P5, so that the letter “ü” is displayed on LCDdisplay 108 in place of the originally displayed “u”.

Thus it can be understood that a first key press of a particular letteraccesses the appropriate row in the first column of table 1 and asubsequent key press of the same key accesses the same row but thesecond column. In order for this process to work, the user must pressthe key “u” the second time within a predetermined time of the firstpress. In this embodiment, this predetermined time is 1 s, but it couldbe set at a different time. Thus if the user presses the key “u” twicewith 1 s or less between the two presses, the initially displayed “u”will be overwritten on the display 108 and replaced with “ü”. Thus theinitial “u” is no longer part of the label being edited. If the userleaves longer than 1 s between the two presses, two normal letters “uu”will be displayed, because this would be processed in the same way asany two keys being pressed one after the other. This is achievablebecause the location within the edit label memory working portion 202 ofRAM 104 and hence the location on display 108 in which a letter enteredby the user will be added is dependent on the position of the cursor.Thus in the first case of two presses within 1 s of one another, thecursor remains in the same location, so that the overwrite is allowed.In the second case of two presses more than 1 s apart, by the time ofthe second press, the cursor has moved to the next location, in thenormal way following addition of a character, hence causing the second“u” to be displayed next to the first one. The cursor is controlled bythe keycode processing program P5 so that it moves to the correctposition on the basis of key presses detected. In this embodiment ittakes the form of a flashing underline underneath the letter, but itcould take other forms.

If the user presses the key “u” three times with no longer than 0.25 sbetween each consecutive press, the display will revert to a normal “u”.In other words, repeated pressing of the key “u” toggles between “u” and“ü”. The other letters provided with associated accented keys areoperated in a similar way.

Thus it can be understood that an accented letter can be made part ofthe label under edit by only two key presses of the same key and withoutthe need for any extra keys to be provided on keyboard 106. It can alsobe appreciated that at a first key press, the appropriate row of thetable is accessed, but for subsequent key presses, access occurs in thesame row but a different column.

Once a user has created on the display the label which it is desired tobe printed, in order to print the label, a print key is pressed. Asdescribed above, the data of the label under edit as stored in editlabel memory 202 is acted on by the print executive program P6 in orderto produce data in a form suitable to be sent to the print head 16.Since printing is carried out on the data stored in edit label memory202, any characters which were scrolled through by the user, e.g. aninitial “u” which is subsequently overwritten by a “ü”, will not formpart of the data to be printed.

Turning now to table 3, this is the table for the Turkish language whichis associated with ADDR 2 of ROM 102. It can be seen that this tablealso contains the same basic letters in uppercase and lowercase in thefirst 52 rows of column 1, as well as some accented letters in column 2which are accented versions of the letters in the same row in column 1.These letters can be added to the label under edit in the same way asfor the accented German letters.

Referring now to table 4, this is the table for the Italian languagewhich is associated with ADDR 3 of ROM 102. It can be seen that thistable also contains the same basic letters in uppercase and lowercase inthe first 52 rows of column 1, as well as some accented letters incolumn 2 which are accented versions of the letters in the same row incolumn 1. However, this table further contains some different accentedletters in column 3. These only occur in rows which have a firstaccented letter in column 2 because column 3 is used for the seconddifferently-accented version of a particular letter. For example, incolumn 1, row 31 is stored a normal lowercase letter “e”. In column 2,row 31 is stored an “è” and in column 3, row 31 is stored an “é”. If theuser wishes to add a normal “e” to the label under edit, the key “e” isjust pressed once in the normal way. If it is desired to add an “è” tothe label under edit, the key “e” is pressed quickly twice, in a similarway as described with respect to accented German letters. If it isdesired to add an “é” to the label under edit, the key “e” is pressedquickly a third time. This causes the third column of table 4 to beaccessed by keycode processing program P5 so that the letter “é”replaces the letter “è” in edit label memory 102 and on LCD display 108.The time constraint for repeated pressing of a single key is the same asdescribed with respect to German. Thus the need to have more than oneaccented version of a particular letter is achieved by an additionalcolumn of the table and an additional key press by the user. It can beappreciated that this is a simple and rapid way of entering accentedcharacters for the user.

Again, repeated pressing of the “e” key toggles between the threeversions of that letter, so that each time the cursor remains stationaryand the previous version is overwritten in edit label memory 202 and ondisplay 108.

Referring to table 5 for the Swedish language, table 6 for the Latvianlanguage, table 7 for the Polish language, table 8 for the Lithuanianlanguage, table 9 for the Czech language and table 11 for the Slovakianlanguage, it can be seen that these tables differ in the particularletters which have equivalent accented letters, the type of accent andthe number of accented versions of a particular letter. For example,Lithuanian requires a {umlaut over (Z)} in column 2 row 26, whereas,although Polish also requires accented versions of the letter Z, itrequires two which are different from {umlaut over (Z)} (Ź and Ż) Inother words, each table is tailored to the particular accented versionsof any letters of the alphabet which require them, and column 3 is usedif a particular letter requires more than one accented version of thesame letter. Each table is tailored to a particular language and isaccessed by a pointer to a particular address in ROM 102.

It should be particularly noted with reference to table 10, for theNorwegian language that a diphthong letter is provided. This means thatif the user wishes to add “æ” to the label under edit, this can beachieved by pressing the key “a” three times rapidly.

Turning now to table 12 for the Hungarian language, table 13 for theFinnish language and table 14 for the French language, it can be seenthat these languages require more than two accented versions of someletters. For example, with reference to table 12, Hungarian requires anormal letter “u” plus “ú”, “ü” and “ü”. Thus in column 1 row 41 isstored a normal “u” as for other languages, in column 2 row 41 is storeda “ú”, in column 3 row 47 is stored a “ü” and in column 4 row 47 isstored a “ü”. This means that the number of successive key pressesrequired to add a particular version of the letter “u” to the labelunder edit depends on its storage column. Thus four rapid key pressesare required for the “ü”.

It should also be noted with reference to table 14 that the Frenchlanguage also requires three different accented versions of the letter“u”. In this case, however, they are different from those of theHungarian language: “ù”, “û” and “ü”. Thus the tables have theflexibility to allow only the particular accented versions of a letterrequired by a particular country to be available. This means that it isnot necessary for the user to make multiple key presses of a letterwhich toggle through many accented letters which are never used in thatparticular language. Instead, there is only ever a need to togglethrough ones which may be required in that language.

In table 13 for the Finnish language, it should be noted that the letter“e” is set up to allow the word “euro” to appear in the label under editif the key “e” is pressed twice in succession. This feature could beadded to any of the tables should this be considered desirable.Alternatively, the euro symbol could be available. Other words could beproduced in the same way.

In this description, the phrase “accented character” includes diphthongsand any words such as “euro”.

Table 15 shows the characters available for the Spanish and Portugueselanguages. Thus it can be appreciated that should any two languagesrequire exactly the same set of letters, memory space can be saved byonly storing one table for use when working in both languages. Thistable could be accessible by two pointers from the menu processingprogram P4 in dependence on whether the user selects Spanish orPortuguese. Alternatively, the language menu could only have a singlechoice for “Spanish/Portuguese”. It may be advantageous to have aseparate choice if other functions, for example spell checking, dependon the language being used.

Finally, it can be seen from tables 16 and 17 that Dutch and Danishrequire the largest numbers of accented characters of all the languagesshown in tables 1 to 17. For example, the letter “o” in Dutch requires 6accented characters and these are stored in columns 2 to 7 of row 15 oftable 16. In order to access the diphthong “œ”, seven rapid key pressesof the letter “o” are required. This is nevertheless a relatively quickprocess and does not require any complicated key sequences.

It should also be noted, with reference to the letter “a” that in bothDutch and Danish, six accented versions are required. In Dutch they are“á”, “à”, “ä”, “â”, “ā” and “æ”. In Danish they are “à”, “á”, “â”, “ä”,“a” and “ã”. Although some of these letters are common to bothlanguages, they are placed in a different order along the columns. Thishighlights another important feature of the embodiment which is that allaccented characters of each language are stored in the order in whichthey are most commonly used in that language. This means that the morecommon the character, the fewer key presses are required to access it.

Regardless of the number of key presses required to select a particularcharacter or the number of times the user toggles through the selectionof characters for a particular letter, the final one selected will bestored in edit label memory 202, so it is only this finally selectedcharacter which the print executive program P6 acts on when the userchooses to print, rather than all intermediate characters.

By virtue of the ability to store and select from a number of tables ofcharacters in respect of a number of different languages, the describedembodiment allows the same machine with the same microprocessor andassociated memory chips to be supplied to users in different countries.Furthermore, if any given user wishes to write in a different languageother than his or her own, it is easy to access all the letters requiredfor the different language, simply by selecting it from the languagemenu. Alternatively, the pointer controlled by menu processing programP4 could be frozen on a particular language for machines to be sold in aparticular country, should this be required. The arrangement also allowsa standard keyboard having only the 26 letters of the alphabet forcharacter keys to be used for machines intended for sale and use in alarge number of countries.

Furthermore, the provision of a shift function key and a caps lockfunction key allows a label to be displayed and printed using eitheruppercase or lowercase letters or a mixture of both, by provision ofonly one or two extra keys. It is not absolutely necessary to provide ashift function key for the production of uppercase letters because thiscould be achieved solely by use of the caps lock function key. However ashift key may be desirable if it is intended to use any of the keys, forexample the number keys, to double as, for example, punctuation keys.

The invention is not limited to the particular selection of languagesdiscussed above. It would be equally possible to provide tablescontaining the accented versions of letters for other languages. Forexample, it is not necessary to store Roman letters in column 1. Insteadthey could be replaced by those of a different alphabet, for example theRussian alphabet to allow users to work in Russian.

A front view of a third type of printer is depicted in FIG. 8, labelledgenerally with reference numeral 1″. This printer differs from printers1, 1′ in that it has a different keyboard 106′ and a different display108′. It can be used with either the two cassette system of FIG. 2 orthe one cassette system of FIG. 3 and can be controlled in a similarway.

In a different embodiment, the keyboard 106′ and display 108′ of thisprinter, or indeed the keyboard 106 and display 108 describedpreviously, could be used in an ink jet system. An ink jet printer andcontrol thereof is described in the applicant's granted patent EP0564297. It is possible to use an ink jet printer without an imagereceiving tape being present in the printer, but rather to use it as astamper. In this case, instead of using the edit label memory 202, datato be printed would be sent directly to a print buffer.

Keyboard 106′ differs from keyboard 106 in that it does not havenumerous character keys 78 but instead has a reverse scroll key 80, aforward scroll key 82 and an Enter key 84. The keys 80, 82 are used toscroll through the alphabet.

Display 108′ differs from display 108 in that it is merely afive-character display and it does not use a flashing underline as acursor. Features of display 108′ will be discussed in the following.

When the machine 1″ is switched on it will display the letter “a” in thefirst character space, as a default. Alternatively it could display thelast letter that was selected by the user before the printer wasswitched off previously, or some other letter as a default. If theforward scroll key 82 is then pressed, the display in the firstcharacter space changes to the letter “b”. If it is pressed again, itcharges to the letter “c” and so on, so that with each key press, thedisplay changes to the next letter in the alphabet. Similarly, if thereverse scroll key 80 is pressed, the display changes to the previousletter in the alphabet. Thus the user can scroll through the entirealphabet using only the two keys 80, 82.

It would be possible to provide a display having a different number ofcharacter spaces or to display more than one letter under selection at atime and allow the user to know which letter they have scrolled to by adifferent means, for example a cursor.

If it is desired to select a letter to form part of a label under editor a word to be ink jet stamped, the scroll keys 80, 82 are used untilthe desired letter is visible on the display 108′. At this point theEnter key 84 is pressed. This causes the letter to flash. If the userwants to add this letter to the label or word, the enter key 84 ispressed again, in which case character data for this letter is stored inedit label memory 202, from where it can be displayed or printed, oralternatively sent directly to a print buffer. The letter “a” thenappears in the second character space on the display 108′, and cursorkeys 80, 82 can then be used to change this second letter.

Thus each time a letter is actually selected by the user (as opposed tomerely being visible as it is scrolled to), the selected letter isstored in memory or a print buffer and the letter “e” appears in thenext character space and can be edited. It would be possible to have adifferent letter or symbol etc. appear. If a word of more than fiveletters is written, the start of the word moves out of view, but isnevertheless printed if the user chooses to print. It would be possibleto only require one press of the Enter key 84 to select a letter.

The above-described procedure is suitable if the user is working in theEnglish language. However, if it is desired to work in a differentlanguage, this can be selected using scroll keys 80, 82. When theprinter 1″ is switched on, these keys can be used to scroll through anumber of different menus. One of these menus is a language menu and inorder to select the language in which the user wishes to work, the Enterkey 84 is pressed in order to take the user into this language menu. Thescroll keys 80, 82 can then be used to scroll through a number ofavailable languages, and the desired language can then be selected withEnter key 84. A pointer from the menu processing program P4 points tothe appropriate table stored in ROM 102 as previously described.

When working in a language other than English, the user is able toscroll through the letters of the alphabet using scroll keys 80, 82, inthe same way as described above with respect to English. This process isin fact a scroll up or down column 1 of the table for the languagechosen. At the first press of the Enter key 84, the display is set atthe letter which has been scrolled to. At this point, the user caneither press Enter key 84 to select the basic letter, or scroll keys 80,82 can be pressed to scroll through further columns of the table alongthe same row. For example, if the user is working in Danish, font datafrom table 17 will be used. If the user selects the letter “a” withscroll keys 80, 82, he or she will be at column 1 row 27 of table 17. Ifthe Enter key 84 is then pressed once, scroll keys 80, 82 cansubsequently be used to scroll along row 27 through the accentedcharacters “à”, “á”, “â”, “ä”, “a” and “ã”. If forward cursor key 80 ispressed, the cursor will move to these letters in the order in whichthey appear in the table. If reverse cursor key 82 is pressed, thecursor will move along them in the opposite order. This system allowsthe number of key presses to be minimised for the required character,for example it would be more efficient to use reverse scroll key 80rather than forward scroll key 82 if, for example the character “ã” isrequired. As the user scrolls through the accented characters, theyappear on the display in turn in place of the basic letter “a”. When thedisplay shows the character which is to be added to the label, the Enterkey 84 is pressed again and this adds that character to the label underedit such that it is stored in edit label memory 202, or alternativelythat character is sent directly to a print buffer.

As described before, once characters have actually been selected in themanner described, if the user wishes to print the label or word, onlythose characters which have been positively selected by two presses ofthe Enter key 84 will actually be printed.

TABLE 1 Coun- Lan- try UK guage English Additional local languagecharacters in order of priority Example A À Á Ā {right arrow over (A)} AB C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z a b c d e f g h i j kl m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Punctuation ? . : ; < > ! 0–9 Symbols

TABLE 2 Coun- Lan- try Germany guage German Additional local languagecharacters in order of priority Example A À Á Ā {right arrow over (A)} AÄ B C D E F G H I J K L M N O Ö P Q R S T U Ü V W X Y Z a ä b c d e f gh i j k l m n o ö p q r s

t u ü V w x y z Punctuation ? . : ; “ < > ! 0–9 Symbols

TABLE 3 Coun- Lan- try Turkey guage Turkish Additional local languagecharacters in order of priority Example A À Á Ā {right arrow over (A)} AB C

D E F G Ġ H I İ J K L M N O Ö P Q R S

T U Ü V W X Y Z a b c ç d e f g {hacek over (g)} h i {dot over (i)} j kl m n o ö p q r s

t u ü v w x y z Punctuation ? . : ; < > ! 0–9 Symbols

TABLE 4 Coun- Lan- try Italy guage Italian Additional local languagecharacters in order of priority Example A À Á Ā {right arrow over (A)} A{dot over (A)} Á B C D E É È F G H I Ì J K L M N O Ò P Q R S T U Ù V W XY Z a {dot over (a)} b c d e é è f g h i ì j k l m n o ò p q r s t u ù vw x y z Punctuation ? . : ; , < -

#37 ' ( ) > ! 0–9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Symbols - / # $ £ % & \ =

TABLE 5 Coun- Lan- try Sweden guage Swedish Additional local languagecharacters in order of priority Example A À Á Ā {right arrow over (A)} A{dot over (A)} Ā B C D E F G H I J K L M N O Ō P Q R S T U V W X Y Z a{dot over (a)} ā b c d e f g h i j k l m n o ō p q r s t u v w x y zPunctuation ? . : ; < > ! 0–9 Symbols

TABLE 6 Coun- Lan- try Latvia guage Latvian Additional local languagecharacters in order of priority Example A À Á Ā {right arrow over (A)} AĀ B C D E Ē F G

H I Ī J K K L

M N

O P Q R S T U Ū Ū V W X Y Z a á b c d e ē f g ǵ h i ī j k k l l m n n op q r s t u ū ū v w x y z Punctuation ? . : ; < > ! 0–9 Symbols

TABLE 7 Coun- Lan- try Poland guage Polish Additional local languagecharacters in order of priority Example A À Á Ā {right arrow over (A)} AA B C Ć D E E F G H I J K L Ĺ M N Ń O Ó P Q R S Ś T U V W X Y Z Ź Ż a ab c ć d e e f g h i j k l ĺ m n ń o ó p q r s {overscore (s)} t u v w xy z {overscore (z)} ż

TABLE 8 Coun- Lan- try Lithuania guage Lithuanian Additional locallanguage characters in order of priority Example A À Á Ā {right arrowover (A)} A

B C {overscore (C)} D E Ė E F G H I I J K L M N O P Q R S {overscore(S)} T U

Ū V W X Y Z {overscore (Z)} a

b c {overscore (c)} d e

ė f g h i {dot over (i)} j k l m n o p q r s {overscore (s)} t u

ū v w x y z {overscore (z)} Punctuation ? . : ; < > ! 0–9 Symbols

TABLE 9 Country: Czech Republic Language: Czech Additional locallanguage characters in order of priority Example A À Á Ā {right arrowover (A)} A {dot over (A)} B C {overscore (C)} D {overscore (D)} E Ė Ē FG H I Í J K L M N {hacek over (M)} O Ó P Q R Ŕ S {overscore (S)} T{overscore (T)} U Ú {dot over (U)} V W X Y Ý Z Ż a {dot over (a)} b c{overscore (c)} d {acute over (d)} e é ē f g h i í j k l m n {hacek over(n)} o ó p q r {overscore (r)} s {overscore (s)} t {acute over (t)} u ú{dot over (u)} v w x y ý z {hacek over (z)} Punctuation . , : ! ? − += > < 0–9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Symbols @ & / % ( ) - ' # \

TABLE 10 Coun- Lan- try Norway guage Norwegian Additional local languagecharacters in order of priority Example A À Á Ā {right arrow over (A)} A{dot over (A)}

B C D E Ė Ė F G H I J K L M N O Ø P Q R S T U V W X Y Z a {dot over (a)}æ b c d e ē ė f g h i j k l m n o ø p q r s t u v w x y z Punctuation ?. : ; < > ! 0–9 Symbols

TABLE 11 Country: Slovakia Language: Slovakian Additional local languagecharacters in order of priority Example A À Á Ā {right arrow over (A)} AÁ Ä B C {umlaut over (C)} D {overscore (D)} E É F G H I Í J K L {dotover (L)} L' M N {overscore (N)} O Ó ō P Q R {dot over (R)} S {overscore(S)} T {overscore (T)} U Ú V W X Y {overscore (Y)} Z {overscore (Z)} a áb c {overscore (c)} d {overscore (d)} e é f g h i í j k l {dot over (l)}

m n {overscore (n)} o {dot over (o)} ō p q r {dot over (r)} s {hacekover (s)} t {acute over (t)} u ú v w x y {overscore (y)} z {hacek over(z)} Punctuation . , : ! ? − + = > < 0–9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Symbols @ &/ % ( ) * ' # \

TABLE 12 Coun- Hun- Lan- Hungar- try gary guage ian Additional locallanguage characters in order of priority Example A À Á Ā {right arrowover (A)} A {dot over (A)} B C D E É F G H I Í J K L M N O Ó Ö Ō P Q R ST U {dot over (U)} Ü Ū V W X Y Z a {dot over (a)} b c d e é f g h i {dotover (i)} j k l m n o {dot over (o)} ö ō p q r s t u ú ü ū v w x y z

TABLE 13 Coun- Fin- Lan- try land guage Finnish Additional locallanguage characters in order of priority Example A À Á Ā {right arrowover (A)} A B C D E Ė “euro” F G H I J K L M N O Ö P Q R S T U V W X Y Za ā {dot over (a)} á b c d e é “euro” f g h i j k l m n o ö p q r s t uv w x y z Punctuation ? . : ; < > ! 0–9 Symbols @ & % = + − “euro”

TABLE 14 Coun- Lan- try France guage French Additional local languagecharacters in order of priority Example A À Á Ā {right arrow over (A)} AÀ {dot over (A)} B C

D E Ė Ė Ė É F G H I İ Ī J K L M N O Ö P Q R S T U {dot over (U)} Ū Ü V WX Y Z a à ä b c ç d e ė ė ė ë f g h i ī {hacek over (i)} j k l m n o ö pq r s t u ù ū ü v w x y z Punctuation ? . : ; , < > ! 0–9 Symbols

TABLE 15 Coun- Lan- try Spain + Portugal guage Spanish + PortugeseAdditional local language characters in order of priority Example A À ÁĀ {right arrow over (A)} A Á À Ā Ā B C

D E É É F G H I Í Ī Ī J K L M N {overscore (N)} (without this characterthe product can not be sold in spain (legal request)) O Ó Ō P Q R S T UÚ Ū V W X Y Z a á à ā ä b c ç d e é ē f g h i í ī ī j k l m n {overscore(n)} (legal request) o {dot over (o)} ö p q r s t u ú ü v w x y zPunctuation ? . : ; < > ! ? . : ;

< ; >

0–9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Symbols

S & % @ / *

TABLE 16 Coun- Nether- Lan- try lands guage Dutch Additional locallanguage characters in order of priority Example A À Á Ā {right arrowover (A)} A Á À Ā Ā

B C

Ć D E É È Ē Ē F G H I Ī Ī J K L {dot over (L)} M N {overscore (N)} Ń O Ó{dot over (O)} {dot over (O)} Ō Ø

P Q R S

T U Ú {dot over (U)} Ū Ū {dot over (U)} V W X Y Z a á à ā ā æ b c ç d d'e é ė ē ë f g h i ī ī j k l {overscore (l)} m n {overscore (n)} o {dotover (o)} ò ö ō ø œ p q r s

t t' u ú ù ü ū v w x y z Punctuation ? . : ; . < ( ) > ! 0–9 0 1 2 3 4 56 7 8 9 Symbols

TABLE 17 Coun- Den- Lan- try mark guage Danish Additional local languagecharacters in order of priority Example A À Á Ā {right arrow over (A)} A{dot over (A)}

Ä Ā

Ā B

C

Ċ {hacek over (C)} D

{dot over (D)} E Ė

Ë Ē

{hacek over (E)} F G {hacek over (G)} H I Ī Ī Ì İ J K L M N {hacek over(N)} {overscore (N)} Ń O Ö {dot over (O)} {dot over (O)} Ō P Q R Ŕ{overscore (R)} S

{dot over (S)} {overscore (S)}

T {umlaut over (T)} U {dot over (U)} Ú Ù Ū V W X Y Ý Ÿ Z Ż {overscore(Z)} Ż a {dot over (a)} á ā ä

ā b

c ç ċ {hacek over (c)} d {dot over (d)} d' e é ė ē ë

ē f g {hacek over (g)} h i ī ī ī {dot over (i)} j k l m n {hacek over(n)} ñ ń o {dot over (o)} ó ò ō p {dot over (p)} q r {hacek over (R)}{overscore (R)} s

{dot over (s)} {overscore (s)}

t t' u ü {dot over (u)} {dot over (u)} ū v w x y ý {hacek over (y)} z ż{overscore (z)} ż Punctuation ? . : ; , < > ! 0–9 Symbols

1. A printing device for printing labels comprising: a memory forstoring one or more character sets, each character set comprising aprincipal character and at least one additional character, the or eachadditional character being a version of the principal character; userinput means having character selection keys for selecting a characterset to define an image to be printed by the printing device; a printhead having a column of printing elements, each of which is selectivelyactivatable to print the defined image on a column-by-column basis; anda controller for accessing characters from the memory to be displayedand printed which correspond to characters selected at the user inputmeans; wherein the first actuation of a character selection key selectsthe principal character in the selected character set and the secondactivation of the character selection key in a predetermined time frameselects the at least one additional character in the selected characterset.
 2. A printing device according to claim 1, wherein at least twoadditional characters are associated with the principal character andfurther subsequent activations of the character selection key within thepredetermined time frame from the previous activation selects furtheradditional characters.
 3. A printing device according to claim 2,wherein different character sets comprise additional characters havingdifferent accents and further additional characters having differentaccents and a different number of further additional characters.
 4. Aprinting device according to claim 1, further comprising a displayconfigured to display selected characters.
 5. A printing deviceaccording to claim 4, wherein the display is further configured, priorto and until a subsequent activation of a character selection key in apredetermined time frame, to temporarily display the character whichwould be selected if the subsequent activation did not occur.
 6. Aprinting device according to claim 1, wherein there is a single one ofsaid character sets associated with each one of said character selectionkeys.
 7. A printing device according to claim 1, wherein the version ofthe principle character is an accented version of the principlecharacter.
 8. A printing device according to claim 7, further comprisinga caps lock key, wherein if the caps lock key is activated, subsequentactivation of one or more character keys selects uppercase letters.
 9. Aprinting device according to claim 8, wherein the caps lock key is atoggle key such that if the caps lock key is activated again, subsequentactivation of one or more character keys selects lowercase letters. 10.A printing device according to claim 7, further comprising a shift key,wherein if the shift key is held activated, subsequent activation of oneor more character keys selects uppercase letters.
 11. A printing deviceaccording to claim 1, wherein the memory stores a plurality of charactergroups, each character group comprising one or more character sets. 12.A printing device according to claim 11, wherein at least one charactergroup has identical principal characters as another character group. 13.A printing device according to claim 12, wherein at least one characterset of the at least one character group is different from acorresponding character set of the other character group containing thesame principal characters.
 14. A printing device according to claim 11,wherein some principal characters of some groups have no additionalcharacter associated with them and these principal characters differbetween groups.
 15. A printing device according to claim 11, wherein theuser input means further comprises a group selection key for choosing acharacter group from which to create an image.
 16. A method of printingcharacters on a label comprising the steps of: storing in a memory oneor more character sets, each character set comprising a principalcharacter and at least one additional character, the or each additionalcharacter being a version of the principal character; using characterselection keys, selecting a character set to define an image to beprinted by the printing device; accessing characters from the memory tobe displayed and printed which correspond to characters selected; andprinting the defined image on a column-by-column basis using a printhead having a column of printing elements, each of which is selectivelyactivatable; wherein the first actuation of a character selection keyselects the principal character in the selected character set and thesecond activation of the character selection key in a predetermined timeframe selects a selected additional character which is a version of theprincipal character.
 17. A printing device for printing imagescomprising: a memory for storing a plurality of character groups, eachgroup associated with a particular language and comprising at least onecharacter set which comprises a principal character and at least oneadditional character, the or each additional character being a versionof the principle character; user input means having a group selectionkey for selecting a character group and character selection keys forselecting a character set of a selected character group to define animage to be printed by the printing device; a controller for accessingcharacters from the memory to be displayed and printed which correspondto characters selected at the user input means; and a print head havinga column of printing elements each of which is selectively activatableto print the defined image on a column-by-column basis.
 18. A printingdevice according to claim 17, wherein each character group is stored asa table.
 19. A printing device according to claim 18, wherein each tablecomprises a representation of uppercase and lowercase characters of thelanguage of the character group.
 20. A printing device according toclaim 19, wherein the user input means further comprises a caps lock keyfor selecting uppercase characters of a selected character group.
 21. Aprinting device according to claim 17, wherein the first actuation of acharacter selection key selects the principal character in the selectedcharacter set and a subsequent activation of the character selection keyin a predetermined time frame selects the associated additionalcharacter.
 22. A printing device according to claim 21, wherein at leasttwo further additional characters are associated with the principalcharacter, and further subsequent activations of the character selectionkey within the predetermined time frame from the previous activationselects the further additional characters.
 23. A printing deviceaccording to claim 17, wherein there is a single one of said charactersets associated with each one of said character selection keys.
 24. Aprinting device for printing images comprising: means for storing aplurality of character groups, wherein at least one character groupincludes a plurality of principal characters and at least one additionalcharacter, the or each additional character being a version of theprincipal character; a keyboard comprising means to select a charactergroup, means to select a principle character, and means to select the atleast one additional character; means to view the selected principalcharacters, principal characters with associated additional characters,or mixture thereof; and means to print the selected principalcharacters, principal characters with associated additional characters,or mixture thereof on a column-by-column basis.
 25. The printing deviceof claim 24, wherein a first character group contains the principlecharacters and the additional characters of a first particular language,and a second character group contains the principle characters and theadditional characters of a second particular language.
 26. The printingdevice of claim 25, further comprising a third character groupcontaining the principle characters and the additional characters of athird particular language, wherein the means for selecting principalcharacters comprises a plurality of switches on the keyboard, andwherein the means for selecting an additional character associated witha particular principal character comprises a timer and a controlleroperational with the principal character switch, wherein repeatedoperation of said principal character switch within a preselected timecauses the additional characters associated with the selected principalcharacter in the particular language selected to be sequentiallyselected.
 27. A printing device for printing labels comprising: a memoryfor storing one or more character sets, each character set comprising aprincipal character and at least one additional character, the or eachadditional character being a version of the principal character; userinput means having character selection keys for selecting a characterset to define an image to be printed by the printing device; a printhead having a column of printing elements, each of which is selectivelyactivatable to print the defined image on a column-by-column basis; anda controller for accessing characters from the memory to be displayedand printed which correspond to characters selected at the user inputmeans; wherein the first actuation of a character selection key allowsselection of the principal character in the selected character set andthe second activation of the character selection key in a predeterminedtime frame allows selection of a selected additional character which isa version of the principal character.
 28. A printing device for printinglabels comprising: a memory for storing one or more character sets, eachcharacter set including at least a principal character and an additionalcharacter which is associated with the principal character; user inputmeans having character selection keys for selecting a character set anda key for selecting a character size to define an image to be printed bythe printing device; a print head having a column of printing elements,each of which is selectively activatable to print the defined image on acolumn-by-column basis; and a controller for accessing characters fromthe memory to be displayed and printed which correspond to charactersselected at the user input means; wherein the first actuation of acharacter selection key selects the principal character in the selectedcharacter set and a subsequent activation of the character selection keyin a predetermined time frame selects the associated additionalcharacter, such that the principal character and the additionalcharacter can be printed in accordance with the defined image.
 29. Aprinting device for printing labels comprising: a memory for storing oneor more character sets, each character set including at least aprincipal character and an additional character which is associated withthe principal character; user input means having character selectionkeys for selecting a character set and a key for selecting a charactersize to define an image to be printed by the printing device; a printhead having a column of printing elements, each of which is selectivelyactivatable to print the defined image on a column-by-column basis; anda controller for accessing characters from the memory to be displayedand printed which correspond to characters selected at the user inputmeans; wherein the first actuation of a character selection key allowsselection of the principal character in the selected character set and asubsequent activation of the character selection key in a predeterminedtime frame allows selection of the associated additional character, suchthat the principal character and the additional character can be printedby the print head in accordance with the defined image.
 30. A printingdevice according to claim 29, wherein the caps lock key is a toggle keysuch that if the caps lock key is activated again, subsequent activationof one or more character keys selects lowercase letters.
 31. A printingdevice for printing labels comprising: a memory for storing a pluralityof character groups, each character group including a plurality ofcharacter sets, each character set including a principal character andone or more additional characters, the or each additional characterbeing a version of the principle character; a printer adapted to printlabels; a keyboard comprising a language selection key to select acharacter set group from the plurality of character groups, a pluralityof character selection keys for selecting a character to define an imageto be printed by the printing device, and a printer activation key; anda controller for accessing characters from the memory to be displayedand printed which correspond to characters selected at the keyboard;wherein the first actuation of a character selection key allowsselection of the principal character in the selected character set andthe second activation of the character selection key in a predeterminedtime frame allows selection of an associated additional character, andwherein the principal characters and the additional characters areassociated with a language, such that the order of display of theadditional characters on subsequent activations of the selectedcharacter activation key is in the order in which they are most commonlyused in that language.
 32. The printing device of claim 31 wherein thekeyboard comprises 26 character selection keys corresponding to letters.33. The printing device of claim 31 wherein only additional charactersof a selected language are displayed on subsequent activations of theselected character activation key.
 34. The printing device of claim 31wherein at least one character group further comprises punctuationsymbols specific to the language of the character group.
 35. A printingdevice for printing labels comprising: a memory for storing a pluralityof character groups, each character group comprising one or morecharacter sets, each character set comprising a principal character andat least one character set comprising at least one additional character,the or each additional character being a version of the principalcharacter; user input means having character selection keys forselecting a character set to define an image to be printed by theprinting device; a print head having a column of printing elements, eachof which is selectively activatable to print the defined image on acolumn-by-column basis; and a controller for accessing characters fromthe memory to be displayed and printed which correspond to charactersselected at the user input means; wherein the first actuation of acharacter selection key selects the principal character in the selectedcharacter set and the second activation of the character selection keyin a predetermined time frame selects the at least one additionalcharacter in the selected character set if the selected character sethas an additional character and the principle character if the selectedcharacter set has no additional character.
 36. A printing deviceaccording to claim 35, wherein the principle characters of the differentgroups are identical.
 37. A printing device according to claim 35,wherein at least one character set of one character group has adifferent number of additional characters as a character set of anothergroup containing the same principle character.
 38. A printing deviceaccording to claim 35, wherein at least one character set of onecharacter group is different from a corresponding character set ofanother group containing the same principal character.
 39. A printingdevice according to claim 35, wherein the character sets of eachcharacter group comprise an alphabet and the additional characters inthe character sets which comprise the alphabet are versions of theprinciple characters which exist in the alphabet which the charactergroup includes.
 40. A printing device according to claim 39, whereineach alphabet corresponds to a different language.
 41. A printing deviceaccording to claim 35, wherein the user input means further comprises agroup selection key for choosing a character group from which to createan image.